导读 小气候几乎就像一个亚 AVA，Erica Stancliff 谈到这些大气条件在葡萄栽培区 (AVA) 中的作用时说。Stancliff是加利福尼亚索诺玛山Trombetta Family Wines和Pfendler Vineyards的酿酒师，同时也是Petaluma Gap Winegrowers Alliance 的，他将小气候定义为“与周边地区具有独特气候差异的一小部分地区”。 小气候可能只影响几英亩，也可能跨越几平方英里。 影响小气候的环境因素包括与水体的接近程度、土壤类型、地理特征、海拔和海拔，以及温度和湿度。即使在一个葡萄园内，所有这些特征也会有所不同。
这不仅是酿酒师关于成熟度的收获决定的重要考虑因素，而且这也是使一些小型酿酒区和葡萄园如此独特的原因，“斯坦克利夫说。
Matt DeSantis, a winemaker in Santa Barbara, California, has a deep understanding of how microclimate affects the different regions within his AVA. Just like in Sonoma County, DeSantis says the biggest determining factor is proximity to the ocean. Nearby vineyards will feel cooler ocean air and fog.
In these two AVAs, the entire region's series of hills, valleys and plateaus make for more nuanced microclimates. All these factors determine how much exposure to marine influence or lack thereof each vineyard receives. For example, fog will settle in valleys creating a cool microclimate. Vineyards above the fog line are exposed to more sunlight during the day with higher daytime temperatures but may experience more extreme diurnal variations due to elevation.
These details decide which varieties grow best where. "Sta Rita Hills gets something we like to call cool-cold sun," DeSantis says. "It's very suitable for planting Pinot Noir, Chardonnay and Syrah." The Ballard Canyon [AVA] ... ... [has] warm days and colder nights with limestone soils mixed with sand and clay. Syrah and Bordeaux varieties thrive there.
Moving east towards Happy Canyon, grapevines face even more extreme diurnal changes that help keep broad-spectrum planted Bordeaux varieties acidic.
"I hadn't even considered Los Alamos," DeSantis adds about the broader Santa Barbara County AVA inside which numerous sub-districts have their own unique environmental conditions.
Stancliff collaborates with several vineyards in Sonoma County where Blackberry is one of the most widely planted varieties among them grapes are an example study on how larger AVAs can be broken down into specific environmental conditions.
"In some areas such as Russian River Valley," she said,"Pinot Noir matures slightly faster than surrounding coastal areas resulting in different flavor profiles and tannin maturity."
The wind also plays a crucial role at Petaluma Gap AVA named after chinks along coastal mountains gathering cool sea breezes inland through those gaps defines our small climate she said Grape skins react by forming thicker skin on berries this will produce greater color intensity singletons concentration flavors density in wine produced from such grapes
"For all we do at cellar level it's important to remember that wine is defined by thousands of moments related life vines — wind light roots depth human intervention" de Santi said
Terroir driven by countless moments such as
