导读 小气候就像葡萄酒中的亚 AVA，Erica Stancliff 谈到这些大气条件在葡萄栽培区 (AVA) 中的作用时说。Stancliff是加利福尼亚索诺玛山Trombetta Family Wines和Pfendler Vineyards的酿酒师，同时也是Petaluma Gap Winegrowers Alliance 的，他将小气候定义为“与周边地区具有独特气候差异的一小部分地区”。 小气候可能只影响几英亩，也可能跨越几平方英里。 影响小气候的环境因素包括与水体的接近程度、土壤类型、地理特征、海拔和海拔，以及温度和湿度。即使在一个葡萄园内，所有这些特征也会有所不同。
这不仅是酿酒师关于成熟度收获决定的一个重要考虑因素，而且这也是使一些小型酿酒区和葡萄园如此独特的原因，Stancliff 说。
Matt Davies, a winemaker in Santa Barbara, California, has a deep understanding of how microclimate affects different regions within his AVA. Just like in Sonoma County, Davies says the biggest factor is the distance from the ocean. Nearby vineyards feel the cold ocean air and fog.
In these two AVAs, a series of hills, valleys and plateaus makes the microclimate even more nuanced, with all these factors determining whether grapevines are exposed to marine influence or not. For example, fog settles in valleys creating cooler microclimates. Vineyards above the fog line are exposed to more sunlight during the day and experience higher temperatures but may experience more extreme diurnal variations due to elevation.
These details decide which varieties grow best where. "Sta Rita Hills got our favorite thing called cool-cold sunshine," Davies said. "It's very suitable for planting Pinot Noir, Chardonnay and Syrah."
Moving eastward towards Happy Canyon Valley vineyards face more extreme diurnal changes that help maintain acidity for widely planted Bordeaux varieties.
"I haven't even considered Los Alamos," Davies added about the broader Santa Barbara County AVA inside many sub-appellations each with its own unique environmental conditions.
Stancliff collaborates with several vineyards in Sonoma County where Pinot Noir is one of the most widely planted varieties. Grapes are a case study on how to break down wider AVAs into specific environmental conditions.
"In some areas like Russian River black Pinot Noir matures faster than surrounding coastal areas by about half an hour resulting in different flavor profiles and tannin maturity levels," she said." In Petaluma Gap due to long growing seasons you see mature tannins develop alongside fresh acidity and deep color fruit flavors."
Wind plays a crucial role at Petaluma Gap AVA named after coastal mountain gaps that funnel cool sea breezes inland." It defines our microclimate," Stancliff said." The vines' response forms thicker skins on grapes."
Thicker skins will produce more color singletons density flavors in wine produced from them." For everything we do here at cellar level it's important to remember that wine is defined by thousands of moments related to life of vines — wind sun roots depth etc.," Davies said."" Terroir is driven by countless such moments."
Thus concludes Erica Stancliffe's discussion on small climate impact as well as Matt Diets' insights regarding their respective regions while working together as part of this article discussing various aspects related both personally experienced through local experiences shared amongst people involved within this industry; showcasing appreciation for environment around us when creating something beautiful just like any artist does their work!
